SSH Protocol
SSH is a network protocol for connecting remotely to a server. SSH uses traffic encryption algorithms, so an SSH connection is secure.
The connection is made under a remote server account. A password or SSH keys are used for authentication.
If the platform administrator has enabled notification of users about VM creation, you will receive an email with connection settings. The message is sent to the e-mail specified during registration in the platform. If you do not receive such a message, ask the platform administrator for connection settings.
The software for SSH consists of two parts:
- server — installed on a remote server;
- client — installed on the user's computer.
Connecting to a VM via SSH
Installing client software
For the Unix OS family (Ubuntu, Debian, AlmaLinux, macOS, etc.), no additional software is required.
For Windows 10 or higher, install the OpenSSH client component.
Connecting with a login and password
.1Open the terminal window or the console.
.2Enter the command:
ssh root@host
Comments to the command
host — IP address or domain name of the VM
.3Enter the root password of the VM.
Connecting using SSH keys
SSH key consists of a pair of keys — the private key and the public key. The private key is the secret information that is kept by the user. The public key must be stored on the server to be accessed via SSH.
.1Generate the key:
.aOpen the terminal window or the console.
.bEnter the command:
ssh-keygen
.cSpecify the name and path to the file for SSH keys. By default, in Windows, the SSH key is stored in the C:\Users\<username>\.ssh\ directory, and in Unix family OS — in /home/<username>/.ssh/. By default, the private key is saved to the id_rsa file, and the public key — to id_rsa.pub.
.2Copy the key to the VM:
- to add the key in new VMs automatically, specify it in the client area;
- to provide the key to an existing VM, copy its contents to the /root/.ssh/authorized_keys file on the VM. On Unix systems, you can use the command to do this:
ssh-copy-id -i <path_to_key> root@host
Comments to the command
<path_to_key> — path to the file with the opened SSH key
host — IP address or domain name of the VM
.3Connect to the VM:
.aOpen the terminal window or the console.
.bEnter the command:
ssh root@host
Comments to the command
host — IP address or domain name of the VM
Copying files
You can copy files from a workstation to a VM and back using the scp utility. To do this:
.1Open the terminal window or the console.
.2Enter the command:Copy a file from workstation to VM
scp <path_to_local_file> <user>@<host>:<path_to_remote_file>
Copy a file from VM to workstation
scp <user>@<host>:<path_to_remote_file> <path_to_local_file>
Comments to the commands
<path_to_local_file> — path to the file on the workstation
<user> — account with superuser permissions
<host> — IP address or domain name of the VM
<path_to_remote_file> — path to the file on the VM
Example command:
scp my_local_file.txt root@192.0.2.1:/root/my_dir/my_remote_file.txt